Christmas Traditions in the Philippines

Explore the Rich Christmas Traditions in the Philippines

The Philippines holds the unique distinction of being the only country in the world that celebrates the Christmas season for an extended duration. As soon as September arrives, marked by its characteristic “-ber” ending, the nation transforms into a festive wonderland filled with holiday cheer. The air becomes infused with the joyful sounds of Christmas carols, which can be heard echoing through shopping malls and public spaces. It’s a delightful sign that the spirit of the season is awakening, as families and communities eagerly embrace the holiday joy that is about to unfold.

Filipinos consider Christmas to be their most important holiday. Since Filipinos generally value traditions, they go through the same things each year come Christmas time. The traditions they observe are a mixture of Western and native Filipino customs. Among the customs taken from Western culture is the use of Christmas trees, the singing of Christmas carols, sending of Christmas cards, and the belief in Santa Claus.

The actual list of Christmas traditions observed in the Philippines is quite extensive, and this article will give you a glimpse of some of those.

1. Simbang Gabi (Night Mass) or Misa de Gallo (Mass of the Rooster)

A cherished tradition unfolds in a series of nine early morning masses, commencing at the break of dawn, precisely at 4 o’clock, starting on December 16 and culminating in the early hours of Christmas Eve. This sacred ritual heralds the arrival of the Christmas season, inviting communities to come together in reverence and celebration. After each mass, families spill out from the church, filled with a sense of joy and togetherness, heading outside to enjoy a festive breakfast. A vibrant array of vendors sets up shop nearby, offering a tempting selection of delicious foods that draw the congregants together in camaraderie, sharing not only a meal but also the warmth of the holiday spirit.

2. Puto Bumbong and Bibingka Galapong

These native delicacies shine brightly at the breakfast table following the enchanting Simbang Gabi tradition. Puto bumbong captivates the senses with its vibrant purple hue and sticky texture, skillfully steamed inside bamboo tubes that are placed over glowing charcoal embers. The dish is infused with rich flavors of creamy butter, sweet brown sugar, and the delightful crunch of shredded dried coconut, creating a treat that is both comforting and indulgent.

In contrast, bibingka galapong tantalizes with its golden, fluffy exterior, a rice cake that achieves a perfect balance of sweetness thanks to the caramelized sugar topping. Generously adorned with slices of salty, briny eggs, each bite of this cake offers a delicious contrast that is simply irresistible. To round out this delightful breakfast experience, a steaming cup of warm ginger tea, known locally as salabat, provides a soothing, aromatic accompaniment, or one might opt for a rich, thick, Spanish-style hot chocolate that envelops you in warmth and sweetness. These culinary treasures make the early mornings of the holiday season truly special.

3. Kris Kringle

Kris Kringle is a cherished Filipino tradition that closely resembles the concept of Secret Santa, widely observed in schools and workplaces across the Philippines. This delightful gift exchange involves a playful, anonymous element that adds to the excitement. Each participant draws a name from a festive box or a decorated jar, where codenames are often used in place of the individuals’ real names, maintaining an air of mystery. Once the names are drawn, each person becomes secretive givers, thoughtfully selecting gifts tailored to their designated recipients. The anticipation builds until the grand reveal, where, during a gathering in the classroom or office, the identities of the givers are disclosed, often leading to laughter, joy, and heartfelt appreciation. This tradition fosters camaraderie and festive spirit, making it a highlight of the holiday season.

4. Aguinaldo

The term “aguinaldo” derives from the Spanish language, where it translates literally to “bonus.” In many cultures, especially in Latin America, aguinaldo refers to the special monetary gifts traditionally bestowed upon children by their godparents during festive occasions, particularly around the holiday season. These gifts often serve not only as a gesture of generosity but also as a means of fostering a closer bond between the godparent and the child, marking an important cultural practice filled with warmth and familial love.

5. Noche Buena

Noche Buena is a highly anticipated event that unfolds after the midnight mass on Christmas Eve, enveloping everyone in a spirit of joy and celebration. Families dress in their finest and most stylish outfits, each person eager to shine during this festive gathering. The air is filled with excitement, especially among the children, as they exhibit their best behavior, knowing that delightful surprises await them in the form of pamasko—Christmas gifts that are lovingly given by family members.

What begins as a grand family dinner often transforms into a joyful open house, welcoming not only family but also friends, neighbors, and extended relatives. A sumptuous feast of 15 to 20 delectable dishes fills the table, each dish representing a blend of tradition and culinary delights. The highlight of this festive spread is undoubtedly the lechon, a succulent roasted whole pig, perfectly cooked to golden perfection, and adored by all. Its aroma mingles with the laughter and chatter, creating an ambiance of warmth and togetherness that defines this special night.

6. Caroling

Caroling is a joyful tradition that embodies the spirit of Christmas. Groups of enthusiastic young children, often dressed in festive attire, gather together and venture from house to house, their hearts full of cheer. Armed with makeshift musical instruments—perhaps a tambourine or a simple hand bell—they form a lively procession, ringing with laughter and excitement. As they arrive at each doorstep, they break into harmonious melodies, singing a delightful medley of beloved Christmas carols. The sweet sounds of their voices fill the air, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere. Homeowners, touched by the children’s festive spirit, often respond with gratitude, rewarding the little carolers with small treats or coins, embracing the essence of giving and community during this special time of year.

7. Belen and Parol

These refer to traditional Christmas decorations that are never missing from the homes of Filipinos. The Belen is a tableau depicting the nativity scene. The Parol is the actual Tagalog translation of lantern and depicts the Star of Bethlehem, which guided the Magi to the manger where Christ was born.

8. Media Noche

Media Noche is an extravagant midnight feast that families eagerly prepare to welcome the New Year on December 31. This celebratory spread is not just about the food; it represents a family’s aspirations for prosperity and abundance in the year ahead. The table is artfully adorned with an array of round foods, such as rich cheeses, vibrant fruits, and other delicacies, each chosen for their symbolic significance. The round shapes signify coins and the promise of wealth, filling the table with a sense of hope and joy. As families gather around this festive meal, they share laughter and fond memories, embracing the anticipation of new beginnings and the blessings that the upcoming year may bring.

9. Niños Inocentes (Holy Innocents’ Day)

Innocents Inocentes, or Holy Innocents’ Day, is celebrated on December 28th and serves as a significant cultural observance in the Philippines. Traditionally regarded as the Filipino counterpart to April Fools’ Day, this day carries a deeper historical meaning that should not be overlooked. It commemorates the tragic fate of the innocent male infants who lost their lives due to the ruthless decree of King Herod. This event underscores both the sorrow of lost innocence and the resilience of a community that reflects on its past while celebrating the present.

10. Three Kings’ Day

Three Kings’ Day is a vibrant celebration that marks the official conclusion of the Christmas season in the Philippines. This festive occasion takes place on the Sunday following New Year’s Day and is steeped in rich traditions. Families gather to honor the arrival of the Magi, or Wise Men, who traveled to witness the birth of Jesus. Colorful parades and lively festivities fill the streets, creating an atmosphere of joy and community. It’s a time when Filipinos reflect on the holiday season, sharing stories, feasting on delicious traditional foods, and exchanging gifts, all while embracing the spirit of togetherness that defines this special day.

These are just 10 of the usual traditions observed in the Philippines during the Christmas Season.

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Read: Feasting off the Flavourful Filipino Noche Buena